Question

How can you identify aromatic compounds?

Answer 1

Hint:Generally the compounds of the carbon are called organic compounds. Because of the catenation property of the carbon it can form huge numbers of organic compounds. All these compounds are studied under organic chemistry which is nothing but the chemistry of the carbon.
These organic compounds are classified as aliphatic compounds, alicyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic aromatic compounds.
Aromatic compounds are unsaturated compounds.

Complete solution:
Aromatic compounds are one of the classes of organic compounds which can be identified using some conditions.
Benzene is the best example of the aromatic compound. The molecular formula of the benzene is ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}$.
The condition which is used to identify whether the compound is aromatic or not are as follows:
1) The compound must be cyclic.
2) The pi bond must be present in the cyclic structure of the compound and in conjugation that alternate pi bond should be present in the compound.
3) The ring should be planar.
4) It should obey the Huckel's rule that compounds contain $\left(\text{4n + 2}\right)\pi$ electrons.
Here, n is an integer value either 0,1,2,3,……..
The compounds which satisfy all these conditions are aromatic compounds. If the compound fails to satisfy one of these conditions then it is not an aromatic compound.

Note:Based on the structure of the compounds four main classes of organic compounds are aliphatic compounds, alicyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic aromatic compounds.
The compounds containing at least one benzene ring are called aromatic compounds. The name aromatic is given because of the fragrance of these compounds.
Anthracene, naphthalene, phenol, salicylic acid, toluene, etc are some of the examples of aromatic compounds.