Question

I am a pea-shaped gland located at the base of the brain. I am also known as the master gland. I secrete many hormones to regulate organs as well as other glands. Who am I?
(a) Salivary gland
(b) Adrenal gland
(c) Thyroid gland
(d) Pituitary gland

Answer 1

Hint: It is small and oval-shaped. It's situated behind our nose, close to the underside of your mind. It's joined to the nerve center by a stalk like structure. The hypothalamus may be a small area of your brain. It’s vital in controlling the balance of your bodily functions.

Complete answer:
It is a pituitary gland. It possesses all the above-mentioned characteristic features. It secretes different hormones just like somatotropin, oxytocin, vasopressin, etc. The adrenal gland, salivary gland, and thyroid gland do not possess these characteristic features.

Additional information: The pituitary is often divided into two different parts: the anterior and posterior lobes.
Anterior lobe: The anterior lobe of your pituitary is formed from several different types of cells that produce and release different types of hormones,
Posterior lobe: The back-projection of the pituitary likewise secretes hormones. These hormones are usually produced in your hypothalamus and stored within the posterior lobe until they’re released.
The pituitary gland also produces hormones for organs in the body, as well. It creates:
Oxytocin for the uterus and mammary organs to animate compressions that guide in birth and milk creation

Vasopressin, an antidiuretic hormone, for the kidneys
The beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone that darkens the skin
Endorphins for the cerebrum and insusceptible framework to help restrain torment sensations and direct the resistant framework
Growth hormones for muscles and bones
Enkephalins that help inhibit pain sensations in the brain
Prolactin, which stimulates milk production within the mammary glands
So the correct answer is the ‘(d) Pituitary gland’.

Note: The pituitary gland produces a number of hormones. Hormones are essential for many aspects of life. Some send messages to other endocrine organs to advise them to increment or reduce the creation of their hormones. TSH is one such example, which stimulates the thyroid to grow and produce thyroid hormones.