Question

\[HCl\] is called hydrochloric acid. How would you write an acid ionization reaction equation for this acid?

Answer 1

Hint:Acid is defined as a substance that contains hydrogen and has the ability to donate protons or we can say hydrogen ions to another substance. Acid has a sour taste and turns blue litmus to red. According to Lewis definition, acids are defined as the molecules that have the ability to coordinate with unshared electron pairs.

Complete step-by-step answer:The strength of an acid can be determined by the degree of ionization. Strong acid completely ionizes in water whereas weak acid partially ionizes in water. There are different degrees of ionization acids, there are also different levels of weakness.
Let us write an acid ionization reaction equation-
$HCl+{{H}_{2}}O\rightleftharpoons {{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}}+C{{l}^{-}}$
For strong acids like hydrochloric acid the extent of ionization is quantitative.
${{K}_{a}}=\dfrac{\left[ {{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}} \right]\left[ C{{l}^{-}} \right]}{\left[ HCl \right]}$
Where, ${{K}_{a}}$ is the dissociation constant of an acid.
The increase in the value of ${{K}_{a}}$, will increase the strength of an acid that means strong acid will be the better proton donor.

Additional information:Ionization is defined as a process in which a neutral molecule breaks down into charged ions when exposed in a solution. The degree of ionization differs with different acids and bases. It helps in determining the strength of an acid or base.

Note:In this question, we concluded that the degree of ionization of acid depends upon the dissociation of an acid into ions. The strength of an acid depends upon the dissociation constant of an acid. Strong acids completely dissociate in water to form ions. For example- hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid.