Question

Grave’s disease is caused due to
(a) Hyposecretion of the adrenal gland
(b) Hypersecretion of the adrenal gland
(c) Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland
(d) Hypersecretion of the thyroid gland

Answer 1

Hint: Grave’s disease is a disorder caused by the improper functioning of a gland of the endocrine system. This gland has two lobes that are located on opposite sides of the trachea and are connected by a tissue called the isthmus.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
The gland whose improper functioning causes Grave’s disease is the thyroid gland. It is a structure that is made up of follicles and stromal tissues. Each one of these follicles contains follicular cells that produce thyroid hormones.
Hypersecretion of the hormones by the thyroid gland causes exophthalmic goiter which is marked by the presence of enlargement of the thyroid gland, protrusion of the eyeballs (hence the name exophthalmic) , increased basal metabolism, and weight loss. This disease is also known as Grave’s disease.
Now let us look at the other gland mentioned in the options i.e the adrenal gland.
There is one pair of adrenal glands present on the anterior part of each kidney of our body. It is made up of a central inner tissue called the adrenal medulla and an outer tissue known as the adrenal cortex. The adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline whereas the adrenal cortex produces corticoids.
So, the correct option is ‘(d) Hypersecretion of thyroid gland’.

Note:
- The two hormones synthesized by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland are tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine (${ T }_{ 4 }$) and triiodothyronine (${ T }_{ 3 }$) .
- Iodine is essential for the normal production of thyroid hormones.
- The thyroid also produces a protein hormone called thyrocalcitonin (TCT) which regulates the level of calcium in the blood.