Question

Glucagon hormone is secreted by
(a)Pituitary
(b)Adrenal
(c)Beta cells of islets of Langerhans
(d)Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans

Answer 1

Hint: The glucagon hormone is used as a medication to treat numerous health conditions and works to raise the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream.

Complete answer:
Glucagon hormone is secreted by the Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans. Alpha cells are present in the pancreatic islets which make up 20% of the human islet cells and secrete the peptide hormone glucagon which elevates the glucose levels in the human blood. It elevates the glucose level and binds the glucose to the receptors on the hepatocytes which are the liver cells. The normal human pancreas constitutes 1 million islets and is of three types that are alpha, beta, and delta cells which produce important hormones with the fourth component that is the sea cells which has no function known. The beta cell is the most common islet cell which produces insulin that is the major hormone that helps in the regulation of proteins, fats, and carbohydrate metabolism. The metabolism of the glucose is promoted by the uptake of the glucose by the body's cell which prevents the release of glucose by the liver and causes muscle cells to take up the amino acids which are the basic components of protein and inhibit the breakdown and release of fats.

Additional Information: Pituitary: It is a protective Bony enclosure which is a pea-sized gland that is composed of two lobes that are anterior and posterior. The intermediate lobe joins the two regions and all three lobes are distinct. The intermediate lobe is absent in human beings and is avascular. It secretes the human growth hormone which is also known as growth hormone and the thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Adrenal: It is an endocrine gland that is produced by a variety of hormones and is found above the Kidneys. It consists of an outer cortex that produces steroid hormones and an inner medulla. It secretes several hormones that get metabolized by the enzymes that are present within the gland or other parts of the body and are involved in several essential biological functions.
Beta cells of islets of Langerhans: They are produced as an important endocrine and insulin that controls the human blood glucose levels and fat metabolism. They cause liver cells to convert the glycogen to glucose and excrete it into the bloodstream by lowering the levels of insulin due to the low blood glucose.
So, the correct answer is 'Alpha cells if islets of Langerhans'.

Note: The glucagon hormone helps in counter-attacking the actions of insulin by the stimulation of hepatic glucose production which increases the blood glucose levels. It is also known as a fat-burning hormone that is secreted after intense exercise.