Question

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is present in
a. Tubule of kidney
b. Glomerulus of urinary tubule
c. Malpighian tubule
d. Bowman's capsule

Answer 1

Hint: Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid at the equilibrium at a given point within the fluid due to gravitational force. Hydrostatic pressure increases in the portion to the depth measured from the surface due to the increasing weight of fluid exerting downward force from the above.

Complete answer:
Glomerulus is the network of small blood vessels which are located in the beginning of a nephron in the kidney. The small blood vessels are structurally supported by the mesangium which is space between the blood vessels which is made up of intraglomerular mesangial cells. The blood which is present in the small blood vessels is filtered across the capillary wall of the tuft through a glomerular filtration barrier which leads filtrate of water and soluble substances to a cup-like sac which is known as Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes and enters the renal tubule of the nephron.

Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure is the hydrostatic force exerted on the plasma by the pressure gradient between the efferent and afferent arterioles which deliver the blood to glomerulus which lead the plasma filtrate from capillaries of glomerulus into the capsule space.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: The glomerulus along with its surrounding Bowman’s capsule consist of a renal corpuscle which is the basic filtration unit of the kidney. The rate of filtration of blood through the kidney is known as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and also measures overall working of the kidney.