Question

Given the structural formula for the following
a) Methanoic acid.

Answer 1

Hint:Identify the number of atoms of each element present in methanoic acid. Identify the functional group present in methanoic acid. Identify how different atoms are connected in methanoic acid.

Complete answer:
We can also call Methanoic acid as formic acid. The common name is formic acid as it is obtained from red ant which is known as ‘formica’ in Latin. Methanoic acid is the IUPAC name or systematic name.
Methanoic acid is a carboxylic acid and contains a carboxylic functional group. The parent hydrocarbon is methane.
Formic acid is a colorless liquid that fumes and has a pungent acidic odor. In industry, it is sometimes used as a protic solvent. Methanoic acid is corrosive in nature. We can use formic acid as a reducing agent to reduce sodium dichromate or potassium dichromate.
One molecule of Methanoic acid contains one carbon atom, two oxygen atoms and two hydrogen atoms. The chemical formula of Methanoic acid is \[{\text{HCOOH}}\] or \[{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2}\] .
Let us write the structural formula for the methanoic acid as shown below:

Let us write the Lewis dot structure for methanoic acid as shown below:

We can also write the Lewis dot structure for methanoic acid as shown below:

Note:When formic acid loses a proton, it forms a formation ion. The formation ion is resonance stabilized as the negative charge is delocalized over two oxygen atoms.