Question

Give reason- “Amount of insolation decreases from equator towards the pole”

Answer 1

Hint: The amount of solar radiation falls variedly along the latitudes of the planet earth . Insolation can be described as the amount of the solar radiation received in the per unit surface of the Earth that travels through the layer of atmosphere.

Complete answer:
 The amount of the solar radiation that reaches us on Earth depends on a number of factors. Some of them are season, latitude, the degree of transparency of the atmosphere, duration of the day, distance from the sun, solar constant, and ground slope.
we can infer that there is no uniformity across the surface of the Earth.
The central position of the Sun is such that the equatorial region receives direct sun rays. Along the latitude of the equator ( zero degree), the rays of the sun are almost straight(direct). This results in the solar radiation falling on a very large area. Thus the radiation per unit area is much more. This in turn means that the amount of insolation is more.
As the sun rays go up towards the direction of the poles of both north hemisphere and south hemisphere, we observe the rays of the sun fall on the slanting position. The slope increases gradually. In this process, the radiation of the sun falls on a larger area as we go away from the equator. The area increases eventually. Thus the solar radiation per unit area of the Earth’s surface decreases. As a consequence, the amount of insolation decreases towards the poles.

Note:Insolation is meant by solar radiation divided by the area. From the equator towards the poles, the sunrays get slanted. The area covered increases. Thus we observe an decrease in the degree of insolation.