Question

Give reason-
a) Muscular floor of chest cavity
b) Tiny pores on the surface of leaf

Answer 1

Hint:The structure which divides the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity containing the lungs and the heart. The structure in plants that helps in atmospheric exchange of gases.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, first, we should learn about the process of respiration in the human body and plants. For humans, oxygen is drawn by nostrils into the bloodstream. The air that passes through the nostrils is purified through fine hairs that line the passage. Through here, the breath goes into the mouth and into the lungs. Cartilage rings occur in the mouth.
In this process of cellular respiration, plants use photosynthesis to produce glucose molecules by absorbing energy from sunlight and transforming it into glucose. The leaves, branches, and plant roots exchange gas separately.

a) DIAPHRAGM-Diaphragm is the structure of the muscles, found in the thoracic cavity. It is a structure in the C-shaped form dividing the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. The dome extends upwards. The dome's upper surface covers the thoracic cavity base and the abdominal cavity's lower side. The diaphragm contraction raises the internal height of the thoracic cavity, thereby reducing the interior pressure and inducing air inspiration. Loosening of the diaphragm and the inherent elasticity of the lung tissue and the thoracic ring yields expiration.

b) STOMATA- The tiny pores on a leaf's lower surface are classified as Stoma in singular form & Stomata in plural form. It is contained in the leaves, roots, and another epidermis which allows the flow of gas. In vascular plants stomata exist. The guard cells regulate the size of the stomatal aperture by changing their shape.

Note: The diaphragm includes the lungs, the middle, and the lower airways. The cells in the leaves use the oxygen absorbed from the stomata to break down glucose into water and carbon dioxide.