Question

GIFT is
A. Embryo implantation in vivo fertilization
B. Egg implantation for in vivo fertilization
C. Embryo implantation after in vitro fertilization
D. Egg and sperm joining in vitro fertilization

Answer 1

Hint: GIFT is a tool of assisted reproductive technology (ART) against infertility. GIFT stands for gamete intra fallopian transfer which is the method to make the infertile women pregnant and make them capable of giving birth to their offspring.

Complete Answer:
- Infertility is one of the reproductive problems in which the couples are unable to produce their offspring. It can be due to some reasons like physical, congenital, diseases, drugs, immunological or even physiological. It has been noticed in every part of the world but in India, females are blamed for the couple being childless.
- For correcting this problem specialized health care units (infertility clinics etc.) are established in every part of the world that help in diagnosis and corrective treatment of these disorders and enable the couple to have their own children.
- For this assisted reproductive technology (ART) is present that uses different methods in vitro and in vivo. Some examples include GIFT, ZIFT, ET, IUT and many more.
- GIFT is an in vivo fertilization in which eggs are collected from the donor one and then transferred into the fallopian tube of the recipient one along with the male sperm for further development.

The correct option is B i.e. Egg implantation for in vivo fertilization.

Additional information: It is found that about 25-30% of GIFT cycles result in pregnancy with the third of those being twins or triplets.
- Several other techniques include ZIFT (zygote intra fallopian transfer) in which zygote up to 8 blastomeres are transferred into the fallopian tube while zygote having more than 8 blastomeres is transferred into the uterus.

Note: Although these techniques are developed but they require a high degree of precision and are very expensive that cannot be afforded by every individual. Thus, the secondary method is to adopt the destitute and orphaned children which provide that child a new life as well as turning the childless couple with a child.