Question

Function of pineal gland is to
A. Control sexual behaviour
B. Regulate period of puberty
C. Lighter skin colour
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Without this gland human body would struggle to sleep and wake at the same time, and might not know how to respond to changes in light levels properly and also cannot regulate period of puberty.

Complete answer:
The pineal gland is a tiny endocrine gland. It is present on the back part of the III cerebral ventricle of the brain that is a fluid-filled region in the brain. This gland is around 0.1 grams in weight and 5 to 9 mm long in an adult. But it is larger before puberty. It is composed of portions of neurons, neuroglial cells, and cells called ‘pinealocytes.’ Pinealocytes are kids of endocrine cells.

Now, let us find the solution from the option.
- Pineal body is an endocrine gland. It is present in the epithalamus, close to the core of the brain. It is known to secrete one hormone melatonin.
- Melatonin brightens the colour of skin in some specific animals and also regulates working of gonads like testes and ovaries.
- Pineal gland is inhibited by light and triggered by darkness.

Thus, the correct option is D. i.e. All of the above.

Note: The functions of this gland in the body are not properly understood yet. But it is known that it plays a main role in processing female reproduction and sexual maturation. It also functions as to controlling circadian rhythms etc.