Question

Function of lysosome is
A. Breakdown of cell substances
B. Synthesis of proteins
C. Photosynthesis
D. Breakdown of water

Answer 1

Hint: Lysosomes are the organelles packed with the hydrolytic enzymes. They break down the worn-out parts of the cells which are then replaced with the new ones.

Complete answer:
Cell organelle is a small compartment of a cell that performs a specific function. For example, ribosomes are the site for protein synthesis. They are present free in the cytosol and bound to the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Photosynthesis is the function of the chloroplasts present in the plant cells. The breakdown of water mainly occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in the thylakoids. However, some of the hydrolytic reactions that occur in the cells include the splitting of the water molecule.

To know the function of a cell type or an organelle, one should know its structure.
Lysosomes are the membrane-bound organelles present in the cells. They are derived from the Golgi apparatus of the cells. Here, one should know that the Golgi apparatus is the site for the packing and modification of the proteins. These proteins are then packed into the vesicles and then carried to the destination.

Likewise, when some hydrolytic enzymes are packed into the vesicles from the Golgi apparatus, they form lysosomes. These enzymes are the ones that digest most of the biomolecules of the cells such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc. Therefore, lysosomal enzymes break down the pathogens and cellular debris. They also digest the nonfunctional or redundant substances present in the cytosol. They engulf the worn-out cellular substances or the organelles. The hydrolytic enzymes present in them digest these substances and the digested components are returned to the cytoplasm where they can be reused.

Hence, The correct answer is option (A).

Note: Here, one should know that lysosomes can destroy the whole cell if they are ruptured and their enzymes are released in the cytoplasm. Therefore, lysosomes are also called the suicidal bags of the cells.