Question

How many of the following fungi have medicinal importance for humans?
Amanita phalloides, Monascus purpureus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Trichoderma polysporum, Gibberella fujikuroi, Bacillus licheniformis.
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five

Answer 1

Hint: Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts, moulds, and mushrooms as well as other microorganisms. These organisms belong to the fungus kingdom. The organisms in the Kingdom Fungi have a cell wall and are widely distributed. Among living organisms, they are categorised as heterotrophs. Mushrooms, yeast, and moulds with filamentous structures called hyphae are all members of the fungus kingdom.

Complete answer:
Option A: Amanita phalloides is a very dangerous fungus. It is the cause of deadly mushrooms all around the planet. In rice, Gibberella fujikuroi causes 'Bakanae sickness'.
So, option a is incorrect.
Option B: In China, Monascus purpureus is used to add colour and flavour to food, as well as a traditional medication for digestive and vascular health. It also helps to decrease cholesterol levels. Penicillium chrysogenum is a fungus that is used in the production of antibiotics. Bacillus licheniformis has the power to cut through a layer of bacteria or plague.
So, option B is correct.
Option C: Monascus purpureus is a traditional Chinese medicine for digestive and vascular health. It also aids in the reduction of cholesterol levels. The fungus Penicillium chrysogenum is used in the manufacturing of antibiotics. Bacillus licheniformis has the ability to break through bacterial or plague layers.
So, option C is incorrect.
Option D: Trichoderma polysporum is a fungus that is used to protect plants biologically. The fungus Amanita phalloides is extremely harmful. It is the source of lethal mushrooms all across the world. Gibberella fujikuroi produces 'Bakanae sickness' in rice.
So, option D is incorrect.

Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.

Note:
Fungi are one of the most important groups of creatures on the planet, as they play a key part in the biosphere and have significant economic value due to both their beneficial and detrimental effects. They are crucial in the recycling of dead and degraded materials. Mushroom species that have been cultured and utilised as food by humans are edible. Antibiotics are produced by a variety of fungi, which are used to treat diseases in people and animals. They assist in the control of pests and are involved in the exploitation of insects.