First Indian Viceroy of India
VerifiedAnswer: C Rajagopalachari
Explanation:
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, popularly known as Rajaji, holds the historic distinction of being the first and last Indian to serve as Governor-General of India. He took office on June 21, 1948, replacing Lord Mountbatten, who was the last British Viceroy and first Governor-General of independent India.
Born in 1878 in Tamil Nadu, Rajagopalachari was a remarkable freedom fighter, politician, and scholar who played a crucial role in India's independence movement. He was one of the prominent leaders of the Indian National Congress and worked closely with Mahatma Gandhi throughout the freedom struggle. His appointment as Governor-General marked a symbolic transition from British colonial rule to Indian leadership.
It's important to understand the difference between Viceroy and Governor-General in the Indian context. The Viceroy was the representative of the British Crown in India during colonial rule, while the Governor-General was the constitutional head after independence. Lord Mountbatten served as the last Viceroy until August 15, 1947, and then became the first Governor-General of independent India until June 1948.
During his tenure as Governor-General from 1948 to 1950, Rajagopalachari oversaw several important developments in the newly independent nation. He played a key role in the integration of princely states into the Indian Union and helped establish the foundations of democratic governance. His leadership during this transitional period was crucial for maintaining stability and continuity in the administration.
Rajagopalachari's appointment came to an end in 1950 when India adopted its Constitution and became a republic. The position of Governor-General was then replaced by the President of India, with Dr. Rajendra Prasad becoming the first President. This marked the complete transformation of India from a British dominion to a sovereign republic.
Beyond his role as Governor-General, Rajagopalachari was also a distinguished writer, translator, and philosopher. He translated the great Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata into English and Tamil, making them accessible to a wider audience. He was also the founder of the Swatantra Party in 1959 and served as the Chief Minister of Madras Presidency both before and after independence.
