Question

Find the names of natural organic acids and their sources.

Answer 1

Hint: An organic acid is a substance that has acidic characteristics. The carboxylic acids, whose acidity is linked to their carboxyl group –COOH, are the most prevalent organic acids. Sulfonic acids, which include the group, are more powerful acids. Alcohols with the –OH suffix can function as acids, although they are typically ineffective. The acidity is determined by the relative stability of the conjugate base of the acid. The thiol group –SH, the enol group, and the phenol group can all contribute acidity, albeit weakly. Chemical acids are organic molecules that contain these groups and are used in biological systems.

Complete answer:
Vinegar: Acetic acid
The second most basic carboxylic acid is acetic acid (after formic acid). It's a common chemical reagent and industrial chemical that's used to make cellulose acetate for photographic film, polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, and synthetic fibres and textiles, among other things.
Apple: Malic acid
Malic acid is a substance that may be found in a variety of fruits and beverages. It is occasionally used as a medication. The most frequent treatment for dry mouth is malic acid. It's also claimed to treat fibromyalgia, tiredness, and skin problems, but there's no strong scientific evidence to back up these claims.
Grapes, Tamarind: Tartaric acid.
Tartaric acid is a crystalline white organic acid found in a variety of fruits, most notably grapes, but also bananas, tamarinds, and citrus fruits. Potassium bitartrate, often known as cream of tartar, is formed naturally during the fermentation process.
Milk: Lactic acid
Lactic acid, often known as lactate, is a chemical byproduct of anaerobic respiration, which occurs when cells create energy without the presence of oxygen. It's made by bacteria in yoghurt and our intestines. Lactic acid is also found in our blood, where muscle and red blood cells deposit it.
Lemon: Citric acid.
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is commonly found as a white solid. Citrus fruits contain it naturally. It is a biochemical step in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in all aerobic species' metabolism.
Tomato: Ascorbic acid.
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used to prevent or cure vitamin C deficiency in those who don't obtain enough from their meals. The majority of people who consume a healthy diet do not require additional ascorbic acid. Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.

Note:
Organic acids, in general, are weak acids that do not entirely dissociate in water, whereas strong mineral acids do. Higher molecular mass organic acids, such as benzoic acid, are insoluble in molecular (neutral) form, whereas lower molecular mass organic acids, such as formic and lactic acids, are miscible in water. Most organic acids, on the other hand, are extremely soluble in organic solvents. Because it may dissolve in the chemical reaction solvent, p-toluenesulfonic acid is a rather powerful acid utilised in organic chemistry. In the presence of additional substituents that influence the polarity of the molecule, there are exceptions to these solubility properties.