Question

Find the missing data in the following table.

	Name of the salt	Formula	Base(Salt obtained from)	Acid(Salt obtained from)
(i)	Ammonium chloride	\[N{H_4}Cl\]	\[N{H_4}OH\]	$P$
(ii)	Copper sulphate	-	-	${H_2}S{O_4}$
(iii)	Sodium chloride	$NaCl$	$NaOH$	-
(iv)	Magnesium nitrate	$Mg{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}$	-	$HN{O_3}$
(v)	Potassium sulphate	${K_2}S{O_4}$	-	-
(vi)	Calcium nitrate	$Ca{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}$	$Ca{\left( {OH} \right)_2}$	-

The missing p from the above table is:

Answer 1

Hint:We have to remember that the neutralization reaction is a reaction, always the reactants are an acid and a base, the formation of the product is always a salt and water, and it involves the combination of ${H^ + }$ and $O{H^ - }$ions to give water.
For example,
\[AB + CD \to CB + AD\]
The above reaction is also a double displacement reaction.

Complete step by step answer:
Now we discuss the given option as one by one,
In option (i)the given compound is ammonium chloride which has the chemical formula of\[NH{}_4Cl\]. It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
When ammonium hydroxide (chemical formula-\[NH{}_4OH\]) act as a base and hydrogen chloride (chemical formula-\[HCl\]) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products Ammonium chloride,\[N{H_4}Cl\], which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
\[N{H_4}OH + HCl \to N{H_4}Cl + {H_2}O\]
In the above chemical reaction, the positive ammonium ion $(N{H_4}^ + )$ from the base and the negative chloride ion $(C{l^ - })$ from the acid to form the salt \[NH{}_4Cl\] . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\]from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$ .
So, from the above information the missing data is $HCl$, an acid.
In option (ii)
The given compound is copper sulphate (chemical formula is \[CuSO{}_4\]). It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
\[Cu{(OH)_2} + {H_2}S{O_4} \to CuS{O_4} + {H_2}O\]
From the above chemical reaction, copper hydroxide (chemical formula- \[Cu{(OH)_2}\] ) act as a base and sulphuric acid (chemical formula- ${H_2}S{O_4}$ ) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products Copper sulphate (chemical formula is \[CuSO{}_4\] ), which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
In the above chemical reaction, the positive copper ion $(C{u^ + })$ from the base and the negative sulphate ion $(S{O_4}^ - )$ from the acid to form the salt \[CuSO{}_4\] . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\] from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$ from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$.
Therefore, trom the above information the missing data is:
Copper sulphate, the chemical formula is \[CuS{O_4}\] , and the Base- $Cu{(OH)_2}$ , copper $(II)$ hydroxide.
In option (iii)
The given compound is sodium chloride (chemical formula is\[NaCl\]). It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
\[NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + {H_2}O\]
From the above chemical reaction, sodium hydroxide (chemical formula- \[NaOH\]) act as a base and hydrogen chloride (chemical formula- $HCl$ ) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products sodium chloride (chemical formula is \[NaCl\] ), which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
In the above chemical reaction, the positive sodium ion $(N{a^ + })$ from the base and the negative chloride ion $(C{l^ - })$ from the acid to form the salt, sodium chloride,\[NaCl\] . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\] from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$ from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$ .
From the above information the missing data is: $HCl$ , is an acid.
In Option (iv)
The given compound is Magnesium nitrate $\left( {Mg{{(N{O_3})}_2}} \right)$ . It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
\[Mg{(OH)_2} + HN{O_3} \to Mg{(N{O_3})_2} + {H_2}O\]
From the above chemical reaction, magnesium hydroxide (chemical formula-\[Mg{(OH)_2}\]) act as a base and nitric acid (chemical formula- $HN{O_3}$ ) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products magnesium nitrate (chemical formula is \[Mg{(NO{}_3)_2}\] , which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
In the above chemical reaction, the positive magnesium ion $(M{g^ + })$ from the base and the negative nitrate ion $(N{O_3}^ - )$ from the acid to form the salt \[Mg{(NO{}_3)_2}\] . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\] from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$ from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$.
Therefore, from the above information the missing data is:
Base- \[Mg{(OH)_2}\] , magnesium hydroxide.
In option (v)
The given compound is potassium sulphate (chemical formula is \[{K_2}SO{}_4\] ). It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
\[KOH + {H_2}S{O_4} \to {K_2}S{O_4} + {H_2}O\]
From the above chemical reaction, potassium hydroxide (chemical formula- \[KOH\]) act as a base and sulphuric acid (chemical formula- ${H_2}S{O_4}$ ) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products Copper sulphate (chemical formula is \[{K_2}S{O_4}\]), which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
In the above chemical reaction, the positive potassium ion $({K^ + })$ from the base and the negative sulphate ion $(S{O_4}^ - )$ from the acid to form the salt \[{K_2}S{O_4}\] . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\]from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$ from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$ .
From the above information the missing data is: Base- \[KOH\] (potassium hydroxide) and an Acid- ${H_2}S{O_4}$ (sulphuric acid).
In option(vi)
The given compound is calcium nitrate (chemical formula is $Ca{(N{O_3})_2}$ ). It is obtained from a neutralization chemical reaction as follows,
\[Ca{(OH)_2} + HN{O_3} \to Ca{(N{O_3})_2} + {H_2}O\]
From the above chemical reaction, calcium hydroxide (chemical formula- \[Ca{(OH)_2}\] ) act as a base and nitric acid (chemical formula- $HN{O_3}$ ) act as an acid, they neutralize each other to give the products calcium nitrate (chemical formula is $Ca{(N{O_3})_2}$ ), which is a salt and also gives water molecule.
In the above chemical reaction, the positive sodium ion $(C{a^ + })$ from the base and the negative nitrate ion $(N{O_3}^ - )$ from the acid to form the salt, calcium nitrate, $Ca{(N{O_3})_2}$ . And the negative hydroxide ion \[(O{H^ - })\] from the base and the hydrogen ion $({H^ + })$ from the acid to give water $({H_2}O)$ .
From the above information the missing data is: $HN{O_3}$-acid.
Collectively the missing data are,

	Name of the salt	Formula	Base(Salt obtained from)	Acid(Salt obtained from)
(i)	Ammonium chloride	\[N{H_4}Cl\]	\[N{H_4}OH\]	$HCl$
(ii)	Copper sulphate	$CuS{O_4}$	$Cu{\left( {OH} \right)_2}$	${H_2}S{O_4}$
(iii)	Sodium chloride	$NaCl$	$NaOH$	$HCl$
(iv)	Magnesium nitrate	$Mg{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}$	$Mg{\left( {OH} \right)_2}$	$HN{O_3}$
(v)	Potassium sulphate	${K_2}S{O_4}$	$KOH$	${H_2}S{O_4}$
(vi)	Calcium nitrate	$Ca{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}$	$Ca{\left( {OH} \right)_2}$	$HN{O_3}$

The missing p from the above table is:$HCl$, hydrogen chloride.

Note:
Generally an acid-base neutralization reaction is also a neutralization reaction. If a solution is neutralized, then that salts are formed from equal weights of base and acid.
We have to remember that an acid is a substance which has sour taste and acid has the capacity to turn blue litmus to red. The acid has a tendency to be soluble in water and conduct electricity.
While the base is a substance which has bitter taste and which has the capacity to turn red litmus to blue.