Question

Fibrous pericardium is made up of?
A)Elastic fibrous-connective tissue
B)Inelastic fibrous-connective tissue
C)Endothelial cells
D)Cardiac muscles

Answer 1

Hint: The pericardium is a sac-like structure which contains the heart and the proximal ends of the aorta, venae cavae, and pulmonary artery that is packed with blood. In a location in the centre of the chest cavity known as the mediastinum, the heart and pericardium are found behind the sternum (breastbone).

Complete answer:
The pericardium is the fibrous sac of the heart. It can be divided into three layers: the fibrous pericardium, the parietal pericardium, and the visceral pericardium separated by pericardial cavity.

This cavity has pericardial fluid which helps in reducing friction. The parietal and visceral pericardial together form the serous pericardium. The 2 layers of the serous pericardium or epicardium are continuous. The fibrous pericardium is a layer of connective tissue that provides the heart with support and protection. The diaphragm, sternum (through the sterno-pericardial ligaments), and spine are connected to it in a variety of ways.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: 1.The phrenic nerve, which is mainly developed from the cervical nerve 4 but also has inputs from the 3 and 5, innervates the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium.
2.Pericardium inflammation is known as pericarditis. Usually, this disease triggers chest pain that extends to the spine, which is exacerbated by lying down. A pericardial friction rub can also be heard when listening to the heart with a stethoscope in patients dealing with pericarditis.