Question

Fermentation was discovered by:
(A) Van't Hoff and Le Bell
(B) Louis Pasteur
(C) Berzelius
(D) Kolbe

Answer 1

Hint: Fermentation was first discovered in the year 1857. Fermentation was discovered by a French scientist. The scientist is famously known for the process by the name pasteurisation. The pasteurisation process is used to kill microbes and prevent spoilage of milk, beer and other goods. He developed the theory of disease, along with vaccines for cholera, anthrax and rabies.

Complete step by step solution:<
Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates by the action of enzymes which act as catalysts. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of carbohydrates anaerobically i.e. in the absence of oxygen.
In the context of food production, it is any process in which the action of microorganisms delivers a desirable change to the food or beverage.
The study and science of fermentation are called zymology.
Fermentation has various definitions. Some are mentioned below:
- Preservation method of food via the action of microorganisms
- Any large-scale microbial activity or process occurring without air
- Any process that leads to the formation of alcoholic beverages or dairy products
Fermentation was discovered by Louis Pasteur in the year 1857.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Fermentation usually occurs in the absence of air. However, in the presence of oxygen, NADH and pyruvate are used to generate ATP in respiration. This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation and it generates more ATP than the normal process of glycolysis alone since it involves the chemical energy of oxygen.