Question

What is the farthest star in our galaxy that we can see? How far away is the star from the earth in light years?

Answer 1

Hint: We know that the night sky is filled with stars of different ages and distance when compared with that of the earth. Also every day, and every second a new star is either formed or decayed in the form of disturbances, these disturbances are the signals which we call as the gravitational waves.

Complete answer:
The night sky is a very interesting and evolving discipline of study. The study of these stars is done by the process called gravitational lensing, here the massive cluster of galaxies which are seen in the night sky acts as a natural lens, bending and amplifying the light which is produced by some distant star.
The farthest star, discovered by NASA's Hubble space telescope is a massive blue stellar body called the MACS J11+2223 or commonly known as Icarus. This is located 5 billion light years away from the earth, which is nearly halfway across the universe.
This star is a very distant spiral galaxy, and would take around 9 billion years to reach earth. Also this star happens to currently look like 30% the current age of the universe. And this Icarus star is around 2,000 times brighter than the sun and 600 times massive than the sun. And thus, it is not only the farthest star from the earth, it is only one of the massive and brightest stars, which is studied.

Note:
Gravitational lensing is the process where the feeble light produced by the distant star is amplified such that we can study it using the technology available to us. Currently the Hubble space research has the most powerful resolution of such space studies.