Question

Explain any method of crop production, which ensures high yield.

Answer 1

Hint: High yielding varieties (HYVs) are those agricultural crops, which produce high output in terms of quantity. To meet the demand of the growing population, we need high yielding varieties because our land resources are limited.

Complete answer: The population in our country has grown with a rapid rate and it created a pressure over governments to produce more resources like serials, grains, milk etc. in order to meet the demands of the growing population. To meet the demand, agricultural scientists have developed the following methods for higher yield and production.
-High yielding varieties -development of variety is which can produce more in comparison to old crops. These are called high yielding varieties (HYVs), which are resistant to pests and diseases in comparison to old varieties.
-Intercropping: one crop is grown at the same time in the same field by making different row patterns. For example - a row of the main crop followed by one or more rows of intercrop is grown. This type of growing pattern increases the productivity of the crop per unit area because it can maintain fertility, best use of nutrients, and disease & pests are controlled. It may be of three types -
Row intercropping- crops grown in alternate rows.
Strip intercropping- two or more crops are grown as wide strips.
Relay intercropping - the second crop is planted after the flowering of the first crop.
3. Crop Rotation: Different types of crops are grown in a pre planned manner on the same land. For example, the crop, which requires high fertility like wheat is grown after legumes and the crops, which require low nutrients can be grown that require high nutrients and so on. The crop may be rotated yearly, biennially or triennially. It maintains the soil fertility, controls the weed & pest, useless and it maintains soil texture.
4. Mixed Cropping: two or more crops are grown, simultaneously, on the same piece of land. For example - wheat and gram can be grown together. It minimizes the risk of crop failure in abnormal weather conditions, and if the weather remains good, it can produce increased yields.

Note: The high yield production depends on various factors like use of high yielding varieties, use of fertilizers, herbicides, weedicides, use of advanced agricultural technologies, machines and tools used for the cultivation and harvesting of crops, etc.