Question

Excess secretion of growth hormone in adults leads to which of the following condition
a. Acromegaly
b. Goitre
c. Gigantism
d. Dwarfism

Answer 1

Hint: The growth hormone is also known as somatotropin or human growth hormones. The hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals and thus important in human development, is the growth hormone, which is a peptide hormone.

Complete answer:
- The growth hormone is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland which is released into the bloodstream. The pituitary gland also produces other hormones that have different functions different from growth hormones.
- The growth hormone promotes growth in children, it acts on many parts of the body.
- Excessive growth in children is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone. Gigantism must occur during childhood before the closing of the growth plates in the long bones of the body (for example, the femur or humerus). In adults, the condition is called acromegaly.
- In children, the condition is called gigantism.
- A noncancerous (benign) pituitary tumor (adenoma) is the most common cause of the overproduction of the growth hormone.
- A goitre commonly develops as a result of inflammation of the thyroid gland or iodine deficiency. When the body doesn’t have enough iodine, the thyroid works extra hard to make the thyroid hormone, causing the gland to grow larger.
- Dwarfism is a genetic mutation that in turn affects bone growth. Most of the causes include- Achondroplasia, Turner syndrome, Growth hormone deficiency, Hypothyroidism.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: The growth hormone which is released from the pituitary gland then acts on every tissue of the body to control metabolism and growth. Gigantism is mainly caused by the over-release of the growth hormone in the children. In children, the condition is called gigantism. This condition in adults is called Acromegaly. A goitre commonly develops as a result of inflammation of the thyroid gland or iodine deficiency.