Question

What is epicardium, endocardium and myocardium?

Answer 1

Hint: The term cardiac is related to heart and therefore these membranes are associated with to heart. Heart is covered with a membrane filled with fluid which protects the heart against shock.

Complete answer
Heart is the pumping muscular organ which is located in the chest cavity. Like other organs, the heart is also made up of special muscles known as cardiac muscles. These muscles perform involuntary action. Since it’s a delicate organ and a vital organ therefore it needs special protection. Heart is covered with the pericardium membrane filled with pericardial fluid.
Epicardium also known as pericardium is the outermost double layer of the heart. Epicardium can be referred to as the inner and outer layer of pericardium. This forms a sac like structure around the heart and is filled with pericardium fluid. This pericardium fluid acts as the lubricant and protects the heart against any jerk.
Endocardium as the name “endo” suggests is inside therefore, it is the inner lining of the chambers of the heart. It is the layer which is in direct contact with blood in the heart. It is made up of endothelial cells and it controls the functioning of Myocardium.
Myocardium is the other name of cardiac muscles which form the heart. It can be found around all the chambers of the heart. The thickness of the muscles may vary at various places of heart for example these muscles are thicker at ventricle whereas thinner at the walls atria. These are involuntary muscles and work continuously for the pumping of blood.

Note:Epicardium consists of a simple squamous epithelium of connective tissue. Endocardium consists of endothelium of squamous cells resting on a thin layer of loose connective tissue. In Myocardium there is a central fibrous skeleton of dense connective tissue.