Question

Efflux of $K^{+}$ and $Cl$ will cause
a. Closure of stomata
b. Opening of stomata
c. Increased turgidity
d. Imbibition

Answer 1

Hint: The tiny pores or openings that are present on the leaf surface of plant tissue and allows the exchange of gases is called stomata. Sometimes they are also found in the stems of the plant. They are surrounded by guard cells. The function of specialized guard cells is the opening and closing of the stomatal pores.

Complete answer:
The membrane-spanning of the proteins that are located in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells cytoplasmic membrane is called efflux pumps. The energy source is needed for the efflux pump to execute their function and they are also called active transporters.

The opening and closing of the stomata are regulated by the influx and efflux of the potassium and chlorine in the plant cells. The closure of the stomata will be caused by an efflux of ${K^ + }$ and $Cl$ and the opening of the stomata will be caused by an influx of ${K^ + }$ and $Cl$.

The point at which the membrane of the plant cell pushes against the cell wall is called turgidity. The vacuole rises in size when water moves inside the plant cell. The turgor pressure force within the cell increases the turgidity of the plant cell. The cell becomes flaccid when the turgor pressure of the cell membrane becomes low.

The special diffusion that takes place when absorption of water occurs by solid-colloids and causes the volume increase is called imbibition. For example – water absorption by seeds and dry wood. The significance of the imbibition process is that it encourages the seedlings of the plant which comes out of the soil and introduces themselves.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: In the plant cells, stomata play a very major role in gas exchanges and transport of water molecules. The efflux and influx is the process that maintains the opening and closing of the stomata. The process of efflux sometimes causes apoptotic cell death in which cytosolic $C{a^{2 + }}$ rises and it is mainly caused by the cell shrinkage of ${K^ + }$ and $C{l^ - }$ ions.