Question

Early blight and late blight are respectively caused by __________ and ___________
A. Alternaria, Phytophthora
B. Ustilago, Puccinia
C. Albugo, Phytophthora
D. Erysiphe, Phytophthora

Answer 1

Hint: Early blight is a fungal disease. During the rainy season early bright spread severely. The other factors which accelerate the fungal disease are irrigation, foliage nutrition, temperature, etc. Late blight is also caused by fungus. The favorable condition for the disease involves moist weather, low temperature etc.

Complete answer:
Alternaria sp. Is responsible for the early blight. Alternaria is a fungus that belongs to the family Pleosporaceae. The symptoms of the early blight involve:
-A black-brown spot appears on the leaf stem.
-Spots are small and circular that are mainly found in lower leaves.
-Due to circular black appearance, these spots are called bullseye.

Late blight is caused by Phytophthora sp. Phytophthora sp is a microorganism which is known as water moods. It belongs to the family Peronosporaceae. The symptoms of late blight are:
-Leaves lose major veins.
-The dark brown large leaf which possesses grey-green edges.
-Stems become dark brown and firm.
-Stems, leaves comprises a thin layer of white-colored fungal layer.

Ustilago sp is a fungus that causes seed-borne disease. Puccinia sp causes stem or black rust disease in wheat.
Albugo sp. Is an oomycete which causes white rust in cabbage, mustard, etc
Erysiphe sp. Is responsible for causing powdery mildew in pumpkin.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Early blight is mostly found in tomatoes. Late blight is common in potatoes and tomatoes Both early blight and late blight can be controlled by using mountain magic, Jasper, Juliet, Red pearl mountain merit, etc.