Question

Draw a neat and well-labeled diagram of kidney

Answer 1

Hint:The kidney is part of the excretory system. Its main function is filtration and removal of waste and waste products from the body. There are a pair of kidneys, a pair of the ureter, a urinary bladder, and a urethra in our excretory system.

Complete answer:

Kidneys occurring in pairs are dark red, bean-shaped, having a notch (concavity), the hilus on the inner side of each kidney. Blood vessels, lymph, ureters, and nerves enter or leave via hilus. Each kidney is 11 cm long, 5cm wide, and 3 cm thick. The weight of the kidney varies from 135gm (In females) to 150 gm (in males). They are located in the anterior part of the abdominal coelom one on either side of the median line.

The concave surface of the kidney is facing inwards while the convex surface is facing outwards. The right kidney is slightly lower than the left one, the left kidney is a little nearer to the middle plane than the right.

The kidney is metanephric in humans. There is a covering of the fibrous layer of connective tissue called the renal capsule which protects it from infection and injury. There is a layer of fat around the capsule, the adipose capsule, and which is covered by another fibrous membrane called the renal fascia.

Both of them help in the protection of the kidney. Inner to the renal capsule their dark region is known as the cortex, the lighter region with a striated appearance is known as the medulla. The medulla is divided into a number of comical pyramids called medullary pyramids which are 14 to 15 in numbers, having broad bases that are towards the cortex region. Kidneys have about ten lambs structural and functional units called nephrons.

Note:The kidney is a major part of the excretory system. It is essential for filtering the blood and removing waste and waste products from the body.
To improve kidney function there are some points:
i) Stay hydrated.
ii) Drinking plenty of fluid will help your kidneys function properly.
iii) Eat healthily.
iv) A balanced diet ensures you get all the vitamins and minerals your body needs.