Question

How does the transport of ${O_2}$ and $C{O_2}$ by blood happen?
A. With the help of WBCs and blood serum
B. With the help of platelets and corpuscles
C. With the help of RBCs and blood plasma
D. With the help of RBCs and WBCs

Answer 1

Hint: Blood is a special type of connective tissue consisting of fluid matrix, plasma, and some formed elements.
Blood is most commonly used by the body fluids by most of the higher organisms which also includes humans.
Blood helps in transport of substances throughout the body.

Complete answer:
Blood is a special kind of connective tissue which helps in transport of various elements and nutrients throughout the body.
Blood consists of plasma, fluid matrix and formed elements.
Plasma is a viscous and transparent fluid consisting about 55 percent of blood.
Plasma consists of 90-92 percent of water and some proteins.
Fibrinogens, globulins and albumins are major proteins found in plasma.
Formed elements found in blood are:
1. Erythrocytes (RBCs)
2. Leucocytes (WBCs)
3. Platelets
Red blood cells or RBCs are the most abundant cells found in blood.
They have red colored iron containing complex protein known as haemoglobin.
Molecules play a significant role in transport of respiratory gases.
WBCs or white blood cells are colorless due to lack of haemoglobin.
They are nucleated and are relatively lesser in range than RBCs.
We have two main categories of WBCS:
1. Granulocytes.
a. Neutrophiles
b. Eosinophils
c. Basophils
2. Agranulocytes
a. Lymphocytes
b. Monocytes
Platelets are also known as thrombocytes.
Platelets release a variety of substances most of which are involved in the coagulation or clotting of blood.
3% of oxygen is transported by plasma and 97% is carried by RBCs. The haemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin and helps in transports of oxygen to different parts of the tissue.
After reaching the tissues the bond between the oxygen and haemoglobin breaks and it releases oxygen.
One haemoglobin molecule binds to four oxygen molecules.
Some of the oxygen is transported by the plasma in dissolved form.
About 7% of carbon dioxide is transported and rest by RBC and 70% in the form of bicarbonates in plasma.
It combines with haemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin which dissociate to release carbon dioxide when it reaches the lungs. Carbon Dioxide combines with water and forms carbonic acid in presence of carbonic anhydrase in RBC.
The carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate ions which are exchanged with chloride ions in the plasma.

So, the correct option is option c. With the help of RBCs and blood plasma.

Note: Neutrophils are the most abundant cells found in WBCs and Basophils are least in number.
Neutrophils and monocytes are phagocytic cells which destroy foreign organisms entering the body.
Basophils secrete inflammatory mediators like histamine etc.
Eosinophils resist infections and Lymphocytes are of two types:
1. B lymphocytes
2. T lymphocytes