Question

How does smooth endoplasmic reticulum detoxify?

Answer 1

Hint: The thread-like structure that is arranged and present in all eukaryotic cells that help in lipid synthesis and protein synthesis which is categorised into two types based on the presence of ribosomes on the outer surface.

Complete answer:
The thread-like structure that is located inside a eukaryotic cell is called the endoplasmic reticulum. The basis of the presence of granules endoplasmic reticulum is divided into two types namely rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

1.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum do not show presence of ribosomes. It performs an important function in synthesizing lipids. In animal cells, lipid-like steroidal hormones are secreted in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

2.They also help to detoxify drugs.

P450 are defined as a group of oxygenase enzymes which are located on ER of liver cells are responsible for detoxification of a number of xenobiotics, toxin products, and drugs of endogenous metabolism inside our body.
The detoxification process is performed by the help of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells. Liver cells are composed of enzymes that catalyse a number of reactions and can make lipid-soluble drugs and metabolic wastes which are soluble in water, so that these can easily be passed out from the body.

Note: The term endoplasmic reticulum was discovered by K.Porter in 1953. Some of the proteins are present and stored inside the endoplasmic reticulum and later they are sent into the Golgi apparatus which lies next to the endoplasmic reticulum. A smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the liver performs function in the detoxification of harmful chemicals and drugs.