Question

How does osmolarity of the blood maintain Homeostasis?

Answer 1

Hint :Living systems achieve homeostasis, which is defined as a state of constant internal, physical, and chemical conditions. This is a state of optimum functioning for an organism in which many factors, such as body temperature and fluid balance, are maintained within predetermined limits.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Osmolarity is the total number of solute particles per litre, expressed as a concentration of a solution.
To achieve homeostasis, the kidney uses a countercurrent flow system.
The osmolarity of blood in the stable state is about $ 300mOsm{L^{ - 1}} $ .
By osmosis, blood flowing through the descending loop of Henle loses water. As the concentration of solutes increases, the osmolarity rises to $ 1200mOsm{L^{ - 1}} $ .
The ascending limb is salt permeable but not water permeable. The medulla receives $ NaCl $ , which has an osmolarity of $ 1200mOsm.mo{l^{ - 1}} $ . The concentration of osmolality drops to $ 100mOsm{L^{ - 1}} $ .
The concentration of dissolved particles of chemicals and minerals such as sodium and other electrolytes in your serum is referred to as osmolality.
As a result, the two limbs operate together. As the filtrate descends the descending limb, it becomes saltier. The ascending limb uses this concentration of $ NaCl $ to help the medulla retain a high osmolarity.
The loop of Henle is crossed by capillaries that carry blood in opposite (countercurrent) directions. Water leaves the blood as it is transported to the inner medulla, and $ NaCl $ diffuses into the blood.
Water re-enters the bloodstream in ascending capillaries, while salt diffuses out. As a result, the countercurrent flow aids in the maintenance of homeostasis.

Note :
If homeostasis is disturbed, it must be restored or a disease or disorder will develop. To stay in balance, your body's systems work together. If that balance is disrupted or altered, and homeostasis is not maintained, the organism's normal functioning may be affected.