
How does mitochondria generate ATP?
Answer
408k+ views
Hint: Mitochondria are double membrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the cell's energy needed for biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in the form of a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria have their own DNA which is inherited from their mother.
Complete answer:
As previously mentioned, mitochondria contain two major membranes. The outer mitochondrial membrane fully surrounds the inner membrane, with a little intermembrane space in between. The outer membrane has many protein-based pores that are large enough to permit the passage of ions and molecules as large as a little protein. In contrast, the inner membrane has far more restricted permeability, very similar to the cell wall of a cell. The inner membrane is additionally loaded with proteins involved in electron transport and ATP synthesis.
This membrane surrounds the mitochondrial matrix, where the acid cycle produces the electrons that travel from one protein complex to subsequent within the inner membrane. At the top of this electron transport chain, the ultimate electron acceptor is oxygen, and this ultimately forms water ( ). At an equivalent time, the electron transport chain produces ATP.
During electron transport, the participating protein complexes push protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space. This creates a degree gradient of protons, then another protein complex, called ATP synthase, is used to power synthesis of the energy carrier molecule ATP.
ATP synthase forms ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi) through oxidative phosphorylation, which is a process in which enzymes oxidize nutrients to form ATP.
Note:
Mitochondria multiply when the energy needs of a cell increase. Therefore, power-hungry cells have more mitochondria than cells with lower energy needs. For example, repeatedly stimulating a muscle cell will spur the production of more mitochondria in that cell, to keep up with energy demand.Mitochondria, the so-called "powerhouses" of cells, are unusual organelles therein they're surrounded by a double membrane and retain their own small genome. They also divide independently of the cell cycle by simple fission.
Complete answer:
As previously mentioned, mitochondria contain two major membranes. The outer mitochondrial membrane fully surrounds the inner membrane, with a little intermembrane space in between. The outer membrane has many protein-based pores that are large enough to permit the passage of ions and molecules as large as a little protein. In contrast, the inner membrane has far more restricted permeability, very similar to the cell wall of a cell. The inner membrane is additionally loaded with proteins involved in electron transport and ATP synthesis.
This membrane surrounds the mitochondrial matrix, where the acid cycle produces the electrons that travel from one protein complex to subsequent within the inner membrane. At the top of this electron transport chain, the ultimate electron acceptor is oxygen, and this ultimately forms water (
During electron transport, the participating protein complexes push protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space. This creates a degree gradient of protons, then another protein complex, called ATP synthase, is used to power synthesis of the energy carrier molecule ATP.
ATP synthase forms ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi) through oxidative phosphorylation, which is a process in which enzymes oxidize nutrients to form ATP.

Note:
Mitochondria multiply when the energy needs of a cell increase. Therefore, power-hungry cells have more mitochondria than cells with lower energy needs. For example, repeatedly stimulating a muscle cell will spur the production of more mitochondria in that cell, to keep up with energy demand.Mitochondria, the so-called "powerhouses" of cells, are unusual organelles therein they're surrounded by a double membrane and retain their own small genome. They also divide independently of the cell cycle by simple fission.
Latest Vedantu courses for you
Grade 11 Science PCM | CBSE | SCHOOL | English
CBSE (2025-26)
School Full course for CBSE students
₹41,848 per year
EMI starts from ₹3,487.34 per month
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 11 Accountancy: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Physics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Biology: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Class 11 Question and Answer - Your Ultimate Solutions Guide

Trending doubts
The non protein part of an enzyme is a A Prosthetic class 11 biology CBSE

Which of the following blood vessels in the circulatory class 11 biology CBSE

What is a zygomorphic flower Give example class 11 biology CBSE

1 ton equals to A 100 kg B 1000 kg C 10 kg D 10000 class 11 physics CBSE

The deoxygenated blood from the hind limbs of the frog class 11 biology CBSE

One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE
