Question

Why does active transport need energy? Where does this energy come from?

Answer 1

Hint: Active transport is the process by which molecules move across a cell membrane through the use of cellular energy. It involves movement of molecules against the concentration gradient i.e from lower to higher area.

Complete answer:
Active transport needs energy because it is not a passive transport and the molecules have to move against the concentration gradient. Hence it requires energy to be carried by the carrier protein. It requires the use of energy in the form of ATP.
Energy to drive this process comes from the breakdown of glucose using oxygen during aerobic respiration. ATP is produced during the process and releases the energy for active transport.
Plants also use an active transportation method to let in the mineral ions from the soil into the root. In the root, the concentration of mineral ions is higher than in the soil.
It is a rapid process and occurs in one direction.
It is being reduced when oxygen concentration decreases and metabolic inhibitors also inhibit this process.
Temperature also has an adverse affect on it , the process decreases when temperature goes down.

Note:
Active transport is a very important process that enables the cells to accumulate ions from their surroundings against the concentration gradient. Many cells maintain their correct ion balance by active transport.