Question

DNA replication takes place in the …….. phase of the cycle
A) ${G_0}$
B) ${G_1}$
C) ${G_2}$
D) M
E) S

Answer 1

Hint: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the inherited material found in every single living creature. The deoxyribonucleic acid in an individual’s chromosomes controls a variety of characteristics like race, colouring, sex, blood groups and susceptibility to inherited diseases. It is a self-replicating structure and DNA is semi-conservative in nature.

Complete answer:
In the process of DNA replication, the DNA makes multiple copies of itself which involves the following process initiation, elongation, and termination. It is catalysed by an enzyme. DNA. The polymerase is one of the main enzymes involved in the process.

There are two primary phases in the cell cycle:
Interphase: Earlier it was thought of as a resting stage between subsequent cell divisions, but new research has shown that it is a very active phase. It occupies most of the time of the overall cycle and this is the time where cells prepare for division by undergoing both cell growth and DNA replication.
The interphase is divided into three phases; ${G_1}$, S, ${G_2}$
- M Phase (Mitosis phase): Actual cell division occurs in the M phase.
- DNA replication takes place in The S place of the cell cycle.
- In the ${G_0}$ phase the cell neither does divide nor prepares itself for the division. It is also called the resting phase.
- During the ${G_1}$ phase the cell keeps on growing but does not replicate. The cell is metabolically active throughout this phase.
- During the ${G_2}$phase the RNA, proteins and other macromolecules required for mitotic division are produced by the cell. Protein synthesis mainly happens in this phase.

Note: M phase is the mitotic phase or the phase where equational division as the cell happens. The cell undergoes a complete reorganization to give rise to a progeny which has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and the other organelles are also divided equally by the process of cytokinesis is preceded by mitotic nuclear division.

The mitotic phase is divided into four overlapping stages:
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase