Question

Distinguish in homolytic and heterolytic fission.

Answer 1

Hint : In the given question, we are asked to find the differences between the homolytic and heterolytic fission. Homolytic and heterolytic are the two types of fission of chemical covalent bonds. Fission is the destruction of a covalent chemical bond. In other words, it divides one molecule into two molecules.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
So, the differences between the homolytic and heterolytic fission are given below:

Homolytic fission	Heterolytic fission
Hemolytic fission occurs when the covalent bond breaks evenly.	Heterolytic fission occurs when the covalent chemical bond breaks unevenly.
The bonded pair of electrons is distributed evenly between the two atoms.	The bonded pair of electrons goes to a single atom.
Hemolytic fission results in the formation of atoms with a single unpaired electron.	Heterolytic fission results in formation of ions.
Both the resultant atoms have identical charges.	Both the resultant atoms have charges opposite in signs.
Both the resultant atoms formed by homolytic fission have a single unpaired electron and are called free radicals.	The atom that takes both of the bonded pair electrons acquires a negative charge and is called an anion. The atom that does not take electrons becomes positively charged and becomes cation.
Hemolytic fission takes place in free radical substitution reactions.	Heterolytic fissions take place in most of the reaction where an electron from a bonded pair is accepted by only one atom.

Note :
There are many examples of reactions where heterolytic and homolytic fission take place. Heterolytic fission takes place in the breaking of bond in hydrochloric acid where both the electrons from the bonded pair go to Chlorine. Hemolytic fission takes place in a chlorine molecule in presence of Ultraviolet radiations where the electrons from the bonded pair are distributed to both the chlorine atoms.