Question

Distinguish between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.

Answer 1

Hint: Both seed-bearing plants are angiosperms and gymnosperms, with a few similarities. This is due to the fact that gymnosperms were present before angiosperms evolved for at least 200 million years and may have shared a common ancestor.

Complete answer:
The term angiosperm is derived from the Greek word for "container." As the name implies, angiosperms are vascular plants that bear fruit or mature ovaries with seeds. Flowers that bear reproductive organs and fruits are produced by angiosperm.These plants are more adaptive and very widely distributed to the terrestrial habitat.To date, about 250,000 species have been described.

Gymnosperms are other groups of plants that carry seeds without coating directly on sporophylls. Gymnosperms are vascular plants of the Kingdom Plantae that bear naked seeds, as the name suggests. Cypress, Gnetum, oak, spruce, redwood, ginkgo, cycads, juniper, fir, and Welwitschia are only a few examples of these plants. There are very few gymnosperm varieties.

Angiosperms	Gymnosperms
The seed is produced by flowering plants and is enclosed in the ovaries.	The seed is produced by non-flowering plants and is either unenclosed or bare.
The life cycle of these plants is seasonal.	The plants are evergreen
Has a triploid tissue	Has haploid tissues
The leaves are flat in shape;	Leaves are scale-like and needle-like in shape.
Type of hardwood	Type of softwood
Reproduction is based on animals	Reproduction is based on wind
Vessels are absent	Vessels are present
Phloem lacks companion cells	Companion cells are present
Reproductive system present in flowers (unisexual or bisexual)	Reproductive system present in cones and unisexual
Double fertilization present	Double fertilization absent
Herbs shrubs or trees	Mostly trees
Style and stigma present	Style and stigma absent
Archegonia absent	Archegonia present
Sperms have no flagella and so are deposited on egg	Sperms have flagella and swim through ovule to reach egg

Note: Technically, gymnosperms are robust and can survive in a variety of habitats. But angiosperms have two novel traits, fruits and flowers. The fruit helps to disperse the seeds, while the flowers protect the ovule. Angiosperms are therefore better than gymnosperms.