Question

Distinguish between glycolysis and fermentation.

Answer 1

Hint: It involves the production of ATP in aerobic and anaerobic respiration. ATP is needed by all organisms to carry out various activities vital for life.

Complete step by step solution: To solve this question, we need to know about cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down food materials within the cell to release energy, and storing this energy for ATP synthesis. The breaking of the C-C bonds of complex compounds, leading to the release of significant quantities of energy by oxidation in the cells is known as respiration.

The difference between glycolysis and fermentation are-

Glycolysis	Fermentation
1. In this process, partial oxidation of glucose in the presence of oxygen yields two pyruvic acid molecules, or into two lactate molecules absence of oxygen.	1. In fermentation, the end products are CO2, ethyl alcohol and energy.
2. Glycolysis begins with glucose and ends with 4 ATP molecules, two pyruvate molecules and 2 NADH.	2. The cells cannot make for than 2 ATP in fermentation because oxidative phosphorylation does not happen due to lack of oxygen.
3. Glycolysis occurs within the cell's cytoplasm and is found in all living organisms. Glycolysis occurs in 10 phases, of which 5 are in the preparatory process and 5 are in the pay-off process.	3. Fermentation begins with glycolysis which requires no oxygen, but does not undergo kreb's cycle or electron transport.

Note: Many living things cells generate ATP through aerobic cellular respiration from glucose, which requires oxygen. Some species can also generate ATP by anaerobic respiration from glucose, where oxygen is not required.