Question

Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic protein.

Answer 1

Hint: Fluid mosaic model is used to study the structure of biological membranes. These membranes provide structure to the cell. According to this model we study lipid bilayer. Lipid bilayer consists of different proteins and it gives fluidity and elasticity to the membrane.

Complete answer:
Fluid mosaic membrane is used to study the structure of plasma membranes. It consists of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is the most accepted model of membrane. It also helps us to observe the cell movement in the membrane. Plasma membrane helps in keeping the content of cells away from outside.
intrinsic and extrinsic proteins are found in plasma membranes.
Intrinsic Protein:
intrinsic proteins are also called integral proteins. They are located inside or in the phospholipid bilayer.
They are hydrophobic, that is they have a fear of water. Molecules repel water
They act as permeases, carrier proteins and enzymes.
They constitute about $70\%$ of the total weight of protein
They include glycoprotein and rhodopsin.
Extrinsic protein
Extrinsic protein is also called peripheral protein, they are located outside or on the phospholipid bilayer.
They are hydrophilic, that is “water lovers”. They attract water.
They act as receptors, antigens.
They constitute about $30\%$ of the total weight of protein.
They include Erythrocyte spectrin.

Note:
These proteins serve in transport of molecules and as receptors. They are held to the cell membrane by weak molecular attractions, like ionic, hydrogen, or Van der Waals bonds.