Question

What is the difference between movement and locomotion?

Answer 1

Hint: The metabolic activities like digestion, breathing, circulation, etc. are different types of movement occurring inside the body.
All locomotion are movements but all movements are not locomotion because movement can be amoeboid, ciliary or muscular.
In human WBCs and macrophages, amoeboid movement is present as they are phagocytic in nature.

Complete answer:
Locomotion and movement are the important features of living beings. Both terms are related to the motion of an organism. All living organisms except plants, move from one place to another.

Movement can be referred to as any type of motion of living organisms. Movement can be voluntary and involuntary. It helps an organism to perform important functions.

Movement can be classified into 3 categories-
(a) Amoeboid movement: It is the movement of a cell of an organism with the help of pseudopodia. It is exhibited by Amoeba, Entamoeba, Macrophages, WBCs and microfilaments.

(b) Ciliary movement: It is the movement of a cell of an organism with the help of cilia and flagella. Ciliary movement is exhibited by trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and fallopian tubes. The flagellar movement is exhibited by the sperm.

(c) Muscular movement: It is the movement with the help of contraction of muscles. Locomotion is an example of muscular movement.

Locomotion is the movement of an organism from one place to another. It can be of following types in different animals-
By cilia, flagella and pseudopodia in protozoa.
By swimming, floating, climbing, walking and gliding in coelenterates.
By parapodia and setae in annelids.
By jointed legs and pairs of wings in arthropods.
By muscular foot in molluscs.
By tube feet in echinoderms.
By a pair of legs in vertebrates.
Locomotion is a voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.

The main differences between locomotion and movement are-
(a) Locomotion is the moving away of an organism from the original position while the movement of an organism can with or without moving from its original position.
(b) Locomotion is always voluntary while movement can be voluntary or involuntary.
(c) In plants locomotion is absent while different types of movements can be seen by the plants.

Note:
The plant movements can be growth of root and stem towards stimulants and nastic movements.
The cilia of fallopian tubes help in the movement of ovum in the female reproductive tract.