Question

What is the difference between a polar covalent bond and a nonpolar covalent bond?

Answer 1

Hint : The base of chemical reactions is the covalent bond between atoms or elements. It is the sharing of electrons between two atoms. There are two types of covalent bonds. Namely we have polar covalent bonds and nonpolar covalent bonds.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Polar covalent bonds: The strongest force and forms H bonds or dipole-dipole bonds. The atom’s electronegativity difference is less than 0.4. Polar bonds have high melting point, surface tension, boiling point and low vapour pressure.
Non polar covalent bond: The weakest force and forms van der waal interactions between nonpolar bonds. The atom’s electronegativity difference is greater than 0.4. Nonpolar bonds have low melting point, surface tension, boiling point and high vapour pressure.
To understand clearly, look into the table.

Polar covalent bond	Nonpolar covalent bond
Asymmetrical	symmetrical
Has electrical poles	Does not have electrical poles
One end of molecule has positive whereas the other end has negative charge	Does not have profusion of charges at opposite end
H bonds occur in polar bonds	Van der waal interaction between nonpolar bonds
Dipole moment	No dipole moment
Charge separation	No charge separation
Example: water	Examples: Oil

Note :
We know that dipole moment is the product of charge and distance between the charges. Dipole moment represents the bond moment, it helps to calculate the percentage of ionic character of a covalent bond. Dipole moment of a nonpolar covalent bond is zero.