Question

Describe the structure and functions of three types of muscular tissue.

Answer 1

Hint: Muscle tissues are made up of cells which have the ability to contract so as to facilitate movement of the body parts. The muscle tissues are of three types Skeletal, smooth and cardiac.

Complete answer:
Muscle tissue varies according to location and function in the body. It is composed of elongated cells called the muscle fibres. Muscle contains a special protein called the contractile protein which facilitates the contraction and relaxation of tissue thereby causing movement.

The three types of muscle tissues are-
Skeletal tissue- These muscles are striated in a structure which is connected by tendons to bone. Skeletal muscles are arranged in regular bundles. These muscles are under voluntary control. A human adult is made up of around 45% of skeletal muscle.
The function of skeletal muscle is to facilitate locomotion and maintain the body posture.
Cardiac muscle – These muscles are found in the walls of the heart. They are striated in nature but are involuntary in nature. Cardiac muscles connect at branching, irregular angles. The function of the cardiac muscle is it helps in pumping blood.
Smooth muscle- It is involuntary non striated muscles which are found in walls of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, urinary bladder. The function of smooth muscle is they are involved in housekeeping activities of our body like pushing of food in the intestine.

Note: The striated and non-striated muscle differs in contraction. The contraction in striated muscle is short and intense whereas the contraction in smooth muscle is for a longer time and near permanent in nature.