Question

Describe the protective covering of the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 1

Hint: The meninges are defined as a dense network of membranous connective tissue protecting both the brain and the spinal cord. They are composed of three layers, such as the hard-outer layer, a thin middle layer that resembles a cobweb, and a thin, fragile innermost layer.

Complete answer:
There are present three meninges layers that constitute the outer layer, the dura mater, a thin middle layer called the arachnoid, and the innermost layer called the pia mater.

1.Dura mater is usually a durable, white fibrous connective tissue. It is always observed as pachymeninx. Duramater usually means "hard mother." The dura gives a protective shield for the brain and the spinal cord helps prevent the CNS from jostling by fastening it to the skull or vertebral column and gives a complex system of vein drainage from which blood can exit the pathway of the brain.

2.Arachnoid Mater is defined as a middle meninges layer that connects the dura mater and pia mater. The arachnoid is named as such because it has a spider webs appearance. The arachnoid membrane loosely covers the brain and spinal cord and originates its name from its web-like appearance.

3.Pia Mater is defined as a thin inner layer of meninges, and is present in direct contact with the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord and is tightly protected. The pia mater is composed of a rich supply of blood vessels to provide the nervous tissue with nutrients. Pia mater, usually covers the spinal cord, and is made up of two layers, an outer layer of collagen fibres and an inner layer that encapsulates the entire spinal cord.

Note: Meningitis is defined as a dangerous condition that causes meninges to become inflamed. Meningitis usually occurred by a cerebrospinal fluid infection. Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi are responsible for meningeal inflammation. Meningitis can lead to damage to the brain, lead to seizures, and can be fatal if not treated meningiomas are nerve tissue tumours that cover the brain and spinal cord.