Question

Define turbulent flow.

Answer 1

Hint
The movement of liquid is generally referred to as flow of liquid. Concept that describes how fluids behave and interact with their surrounding environment is known as fluid dynamics. Flow of liquid can be either steady or unsteady.

Complete step by step answer
We have seen the water flowing from a tap having a smooth texture when the flow rate is low it is known as streamline, but as the flow rate is increased, disturbances in flow is seen, it is known as turbulent flow. If we introduce a stream of ink during the smooth flow, the ink flows without mixing with the water. If we introduced the ink to the turbulent flow, we can see the mixing of ink with the water
Laminar flow:-
In streamline flow the fluids flow in parallel layers such that there is no disruption of the layers and at a given point, the velocity of each fluid particle passing by remains constant with time.
Turbulent flow:-
Turbulent flow, type of fluid (gas or liquid) flow in which the fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations, or mixing. In turbulent flow the speed of the fluid at a point is continuously undergoing changes in both magnitude and direction. The turbulent flow can be predicted by the dimensionless Reynolds number. Reynolds number is the ratio of kinetic energy to viscous damping in a fluid flow. In the low Reynolds numbers, flow of fluid tends to be laminar flow, while in high Reynolds numbers the fluid flow tends to be turbulent flow.

Note
Flow of liquid depends on the frame of reference. If a flow of liquid is observed by two observers in two different frames, one observer may be an unsteady flow and another observer in a different frame may observe steady flow with constant streamlines.