Question

Define torque. What is its physical significance?

Answer 1

Hint:The force that may cause an item to revolve along an axis is measured as torque. In linear kinematics, force is what causes an object to accelerate. Torque is also responsible for angular acceleration. As a result, torque may be defined as the linear force's rotational equivalent. The axis of rotation is the point at which the item rotates. Torque is the propensity of a force to turn or twist in physics. Torque is described using a variety of terminology, including moment and moment of force.

Complete answer:
Torque is the rotational counterpart of linear force in physics and mechanics. It's also known as the turning effect, moment of force, rotational force, or rotational force. Archimedes' research of the use of levers gave birth to the idea. A torque is a twist of an item around a certain axis, similar to how a linear force is a push or a pull.

The product of the magnitude of the force and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of a force from the axis of rotation is another definition of torque. Torque is usually represented by the lowercase Greek letter$\tau $ tau. When the term "moment of force" is used, it is usually abbreviated as $M$.

The torque is a pseudovector in three dimensions, and it is given by the cross product of the position vector (distance vector) and the force vector for point particles. The force applied, the lever arm vector linking the point around which the torque is measured to the point of force application, and the angle between the force and lever arm vectors all influence the magnitude of torque in a rigid body. Symbolically:
$\mathbf{\tau }=\mathbf{r}\times \mathbf{F}$

The magnitude of the torque is tau$\tau $, which is the torque vector. The position vector is denoted by the letter r. (a vector from the point about which the torque is being measured to the point where the force is applied). The force vector is denoted by the letter $F$.

Note:Here are a few instances of static torque.A person pushing a closed door applies static torque since the door does not rotate despite the force provided; similarly, pedalling a bicycle at a steady pace applies static torque because there is no acceleration.Given that the automobile is moving along the track, the drive shaft of a racing car accelerating from the start line displays dynamic torque since it must be creating an angular acceleration of the wheels.