Question

Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

Answer 1

Hint: A solution is formed when more than one components are mixed together. On mixing together, the final mixture should not have any suspended particles. It should be clear.
The types of solutions depend on the combination of different physical states of solutes and solvents.


Complete step by step answer:
Types of Solutions:
The physical states of solute and solvent can be solid, liquid or gas. Thus, depending upon the physical states of the solute and solvent, there are nine types of solution.
1.Solid-Solid Solution:
The physical state of both solute and solvent is solid.
Example: Metal alloys like steel, bronze.
2.Solid-Liquid Solution:
The physical state of solute is solid and that of solvent is liquid.
Example: Solution of salt in water.
3.Solid-Gas Solution:
The physical state of solute is solid and that of solvent is gas.
Example: Sublimation of camphor in air.
4.Liquid-Solid Solution:
The physical state of solute is liquid and that of solvent is solid.
Example: Water into ice.
5.Liquid-Liquid Solution:
The physical state of both solute and solvent is liquid.
Example: Milk in water.
6.Liquid-Gas Solution:
The physical state of solute is liquid and that of solvent is gas.
Example: Water vapor in air.
7.Gas-Solid Solution:
The physical state of solute is gas and that of solvent is solid.
Example: Hydrogen adsorbed on platinum.
8.Gas-Liquid Solution:
The physical state of solute is gas and that of solvent is liquid.
Example: Aerated drinks.
9.Gas-Gas Solution:
The physical state of both solute and solvent is gas.
Example: Mixture of various gases.

Note:
Solution can also be classified depending on the dissolution of the solute in the solvent and depending on the solvent used.
1.Depending on the dissolution of the solute in the solvent: There are three types as follows:
a.Saturated Solution: The solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent is known as a saturated solution.
b.Supersaturated Solution: The solution in which more solute is dissolved than required to make a saturated solution is known as a supersaturated solution.
c.Unsaturated Solution: The solution in which more solute can be dissolved in the solvent to make it a saturated solution is known as an unsaturated solution.
2.Depending on the solvent used: There are two types as follows:
a.Aqueous Solution: The solution in which the solvent is dissolved in water is known as an aqueous solution.
b.Non-aqueous Solution: The solution in which the solute is dissolved in any other solvent (e.g. kerosene, benzene) than water is known as a non-aqueous solution.