Question

Define term \[{{F}_{1}}\] generation.

Answer 1

Hint: The nomenclature given to subsequent sets of descendants from regulated or observed reproduction is filial generations.

Complete Answer:
The first filial generation refers to the \[{{F}_{1}}\] generation. The letter "P" for parental generation is given to the initial generation. The first set of descendants from these parents is then referred to as the generation of \[{{F}_{1}}\]. To build the \[{{F}_{2}}\] generation, the \[{{F}_{1}}\] generation will replicate and so on. When they study the genetics of different generations, scientists use this classification to track groups of offspring.

\[{{F}_{1}}\] Generation examples: A Cross of Monohybrids:
- When Gregor Mendel, the "Father of Genetics," first revealed the secrets of pea genetics, he began manufacturing lines of pure-breeding peas. Peas are a variety of plants that can self-fertilize, meaning the eggs produced by the female part of the plant can be fertilised by the male part of the plant. These plants will generate offspring with the same traits if allowed to self-fertilize.
- For instance, on one plant and all its offspring, the pea pods would produce green pods, while on another plant, all yellow pods would be produced. Mendel wanted to cross these two lines of plants to unlock the secrets of how these characteristics were transferred to offspring.
- The pollen was taken from yellow-pod plants by Mendel and transferred to green-pod plants. Then, from the green-pod pollen to the yellow-pod flowers, he made the opposite cross.
- These initial two plants are now designated by scientists as the parental generation or simply the generation of P. The parental generation grows peas until fertilised, containing the genetic material for the first generation of offspring, or the generation of \[{{F}_{1}}\].
- These peas were planted by Mendel and he found a peculiar fact about the colour of the pea pods they made: they were all green! Genetically, the yellow-pod plants contributed to the \[{{F}_{1}}\] generation, but only green-pods were detected.
- The cross of Mendel's \[{{F}_{1}}\] generation is now defined by modern scientists as a monohybrid cross. They all had one allele for green pods and one allele for yellow pods in the cross, making them hybrids. This cross only examined one feature, but it is possible to observe several more characteristics at once.

Note: One of the reasons for Mendel's breeding experiments with pea plants was that he was able to detect patterns of inheritance in up to two generations a year. Today, geneticists normally carry out their breeding experiments with species that replicate much faster in order to dramatically reduce the amount of time and money needed. For this reason now, fruit flies and bacteria are widely used. Within about 2 weeks of birth, fruit flies reproduce, while bacteria, such as E.coli It reproduces coli present in our digestive systems in just 3-5 hours.