Question

How to convert aniline to fluorobenzene?

Answer 1

Hint: We have to know that, the Aniline can be changed over into fluoro benzene by first changing aniline over to benzene diazonium chloride and afterward the benzene diazonium chloride to fluorobenzene. By and large the response will be substitution of amine bunch in benzene ring by a fluorine molecule.

Complete answer:
We have to know that aniline is an aromatic compound with an $ - N{H_2}$ bunch connected to a benzene ring. In fluoro benzene, rather than this $ - N{H_2}$ bunch, a fluorine molecule is available. The transformation of aniline to fluorobenzene included two stages. Allow us to examine each progression exhaustively.
The initial step is the change of aniline to benzene diazonium chloride. At the point when aniline is blended in with weakened hydrochloric corrosive and a watery arrangement of sodium nitrate at the temperature $273 - 278K$ , benzene diazonium chloride is shaped. This response is called diazotization response. Diazotization responses are generally alluded to as the change of essential sweet-smelling amine to comparing diazonium salt. First sodium nitrate responds with $HCl$ to shape $HN{O_2}$ . It then, at that point creates an electrophile and assaults the aniline. This response is given underneath.

The subsequent advance is the transformation of benzene diazonium chloride to fluorobenzene. The benzene diazonium chloride frame is then treated with fluoro boric corrosive $\left( {HB{F_4}} \right)$ to yield fluoro benzene. This response additionally requires heat.
First the chloride particle in benzene diazonium chloride is supplanted with $BF_4^ - $ . The subsequent compound wipes out nitrogen gas and boron trifluoride to give fluoro benzene. This reaction must have appeared beneath.

Note:
This is a typical technique for readiness of fluoro benzene. Fluoro benzene is a dreary fluid and its solvency in water is low. Fluoro benzene acts diversely contrasted with other halobenzenes due to pi-giver properties of fluorine.