Question

Compare the characteristics of neutron, proton and electron.

Answer 1

Hint: It is required to discuss the physical and electronic properties of neutrons, protons and electrons.

Complete step by step answer:
The neutron, proton and electrons play a crucial role in understanding atomic structure. Even though they are part of the same atom, they still have remarkable properties and differences. let us discuss the characteristics of neutron, proton and electron as listed below:

Neutron ($n^{\circ}$)	Proton ($P^+$)	Electron ($e^-$)
It is a subatomic particle and a constituent of nuclei of atoms. It was discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.	It is a subatomic particle and a constituent of nuclei of atoms. It was discovered by E. Goldstein in 1886.	It is a subatomic particle that occupies the space surrounding the nucleus in well-defined orbitals. It was discovered by J.J Thmoson.
The mass a neutron is slightly greater than that of a proton	The mass of a proton is $1.673 \times {10^{-27}}$ kg, approximately 1 amu.(atomic mass unit, the $\dfrac {1}{12th}$ mass of a Carbon-12atom).	The mass of an electron is approximately $\dfrac {1}{1836}$ times that of a proton, which is approximately $9.1\times{10^{-31}}\:kg$.
The neutron is electrically neutral hence its charge is 0 C.	The protons are electrically positive and the charge of protons is +1e or $+1.6\times{10^{-19}}\:C$. Protons are elementary particles.	The electrons are electrically negative and the charge of protons is -1e or $-1.6\times{10^{-19}}\:C$
The neutrons are responsible for the nuclear properties of an atom.	The protons are responsible for the nuclear properties of an atom.	The electrons are responsible for the chemical properties of an atom.

Addition Information:
It is to be noted that neutrons and protons can be further broken down to simpler particles called quarks, whereas electrons cannot be.

Note:
Students should try to remember the properties of neutron, proton and electron with respect to one another, rather than individually.

Subject: PHYSICS