Question

Columellaauris is a modified
A. Quadrate
B. Article
C. Hyomandibular
D. Sphenethmoid

Answer 1

Hint:This refers to a set of bone or cartilage found in the dorsal hyoid area in most fishes. It connects the lower jaw with the skull.

Complete answer:
The columella contributes to the listening of amphibians, reptiles and birds in the auditory system. In the inside of the skull, the columella forms small, bony structures and acts as an eardrum. It is an evolutionary counterpart to the stapes, an auditory ossicles in mammals. Extracolumella is an extra columella structure, which grows in combination with columella in several species. The columella comes from the dorsal of the hyoid arch during its formation.
Columella evolution is closely associated with the development of the jaw joint. It is an ancient homolog of the stapes originating from the fish's hyomandibular bone. Since the columella originates from the hyomandibula, several of its functional relations remain similar. The columella is found in the middle ear's air-filled tympanic cavity. In the oval window, the footplate or the proximal end of the columella rests. Sound is rendered to the inside of the otic capsule by the oval window. Ultimately, this motion activates the inner ear sensory cells.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. i.e., Hyomandibular.

Note:Columella Auris is a bony or cartilaginous rod, which connects the tympanic membrane with the inner ear and sound transmissions, in amphibians (frogs) and even in reptiles and birds. The hyomandibular bone is homologous with fish.