Question

Clinging and epiphytic roots are found in
A. Orchid
B. Tinospora
C. Rhizophora
D. Pothos

Answer 1

Hint: This type of root modification is present in plants residing in tropic regions. It is a terrestrial epiphyte and spends its whole life cycle without contact with the ground.

Complete answer:
Clinging root and epiphytic roots are characteristic of epiphytic plants. Orchids are one of the best-known examples of epiphytic plants. In this type of root system, the plant fixes itself to the bark of the tree and develops clinging or aerial roots. Clinging and epiphytic roots hang freely in the air and are adventitious roots (root arises from parts of the plant other than the radicle). These types of roots aids in the absorption of water from the atmosphere and little nutrients found in the tree bark with the help of velamen tissues which are dead tissues and are spongy.

Additional Information:
The main functions of the root system are:
1. Absorption of water and minerals from the soil
2. Providing anchorage to plant parts
3. Storing reserve food material
4. Synthesis of plant growth regulators
Roots in some plants change their shape and structure i.e. modify themselves to perform functions other than water conduction. They are modified for support or storage. Example: Prop roots (hanging roots) of the Banyan tree support it. The stems of maize and sugarcane also have stilt roots (supporting roots) coming out of the lower nodes of the stem. Also, the taproot of carrot, turnip, and adventitious roots of sweet potato get swollen to store food.
So, the correct answer is (a) ‘Orchid’.

Note:
1. Velamen cells which are hygroscopic in nature.
2. Due to the characteristic behavior of epiphytes, these plants are called space parasites.
3. Epiphytes are also known as air plants since they are not anchored to the soil.