Question

What is the child sex-ratio of Punjab as per the 2011 Census?
(A) 821
(B) 846
(C) 890
(D) 910

Answer 1

Hint: In 2011-2013, a population census with the Sample Registration System (SRS) showed that India's sex ratio was 909 females per 1000 males.
37.49 percent of the population in Punjab is urban by residence Ludhiana (59.14 percent), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (55.17 percent), Amritsar (53.64 percent) and Jalandhar (53.18 percent) are predominantly urban.

Complete answer:
1. The sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. In most sexually reproducing species, the ratio tends to be 1:1. This tendency is explained by Fisher's principle.
2. The ratio of girls to boys in the age group of 0-6 years is “child sex ratio”. A ratio above 1 means that more men than women are present, and vice versa.
3. The sex ratio of most species varies according to the population's age profile.
Generally, it is split into four subdivisions:
 Primary sex ratio – Ratio in fertilization
 Secondary sex ratio — ratio at birth
 Tertiary sex ratio — ratio in sexually mature organisms
 Quaternary sex ratio — ratio in post-reproductive organisms
4. In India, it is especially significant because the ratio is skewed towards men.
5. In 2011-2013, it was revealed through a population census with the Sample Registration System (SRS) that the sex ratio of India was 909 females per 1000 of males. Presently, it has skewed downwards from then, recording 900 females per 1000 of males in 2013-2015.
6.Since the early 20th century, the male-skew in India's sex ratio has increased dramatically. There were 3.2 million fewer women than men in India in 1901, but by the 2001 Census, the difference had risen to 35 million by more than a factor of 10.
7. The Punjab’s child sex ratio is 895, i.e. for every 1000 males, which is below the national average of 940 as per the 2011 census. The sex ratio of females in Punjab in 2001 was 876 per 1000 males.

Hence, Option B.846 is the correct answer.

Note
1. Literacy rate in Punjab has seen an upward trend and is 75.84 percent as per the 2011 population census. Of that, male literacy stands at 80.44 percent while female literacy is at 70.73 percent.
2. Among the countries with the highest female populations are Latvia, Lithuania, Armenia, Belarus, Russia , Ukraine and Estonia.