Question

Chemosynthetic bacteria do not need sunlight to grow because
(a) They prepare their food without the help of light
(b) They do not like sunlight brightness
(c) Due to the absence of chlorophyll they are incapable of manufacturing their own food
(d) They use other kinds of light for manufacturing their own food

Answer 1

Hint: Green plants require sunlight for preparing their own food whereas, for chemosynthetic bacteria, the source of energy is inorganic compounds like hydrogen, sulfur, etc.

Complete answer:
Groups of bacteria that include autotrophic bacteria that produce their own food with the help of energy sources are called chemosynthetic bacteria. They require carbon sources and an energy source for the synthesis of food. Carbon dioxide is one of the main carbon sources used by both photosynthetic and chemosynthetic bacteria. chemosynthetic bacteria prepare their own food without the help of sunlight.

Additional Information: -Chemosynthetic bacteria, because of their important feature of producing their own food without sunlight, they are able to survive in any type of environment.
-Based on the type of compounds they use as an energy source chemosynthetic bacteria is divided into sulfur bacteria, nitrogen bacteria, methane bacteria, hydrogen bacteria, and iron bacteria
-Sulphur bacteria oxidize sulfur compounds for the energy source Ex: paracoccus
-Nitrogen bacteria is further divided into three types: nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. They use nitrogen as a food source. These bacteria help in the fixation of nitrogen which is utilized by the plants that grow in nitrogen-deficient soil.
-Chemosynthetic archaebacteria use methane as an energy source.
-Bacteria that use hydrogen and iron as a source of energy are hydrogen bacteria and iron bacteria respectively.
So, the correct answer is ‘They prepare their own food without the help of sunlight’.

Note: Examples of chemosynthetic bacteria are beggiatoa, ferrooxidans, T. neapolitanus, T. Novellus.
Thus, organisms are the primary producers in the areas that are rich in sulfur, nitrogen, and other inorganic compounds.