Question

${{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}{{O}_{2}}$ is the chemical formula of a
(a) Xanthophyll
(b) Carotene
(c) Anthocyanin
(d) Chlorophyll

Answer 1

Hint: ${{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}{{O}_{2}}$ is the chemical formula of that type of pigment which is of yellow colour which is anmed on the basis of formation of the yellow band seen in early chromatography of leaf pigments. It is even found in the body of animals too.

Complete answer:
Xanthophylls are known to be yellow pigments of the plants that occur widely in nature which have a chemical formula of ${{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}{{O}_{2}}$. Carotenoids are known to be the plant pigments that are commonly found in fruits and vegetables. They consist of 2 classes, xanthophylls and carotenes. While carotenes are only made up of carbon and hydrogen, xanthophylls contain hydroxyl groups, which makes them slightly more hydrophilic than carotenes. the body.

Additional information:
Of all the carotenoids found, the xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin accumulate selectively in the eye and in the brain. In the eye, lutein and zeaxanthin, along with the non-dietary metabolite of lutein meso zeaxanthin, are responsible for the yellow pigment of the macula lutea, lipids that are insoluble in water and therefore have similar transport mechanisms in the aqueous medium of the eye processing, food composition, and digestive enzyme activity. In the digestive tract, xanthophylls are incorporated into micelles and transverse enterocytes by simple passive diffusion or by various lipids suggested by transporters. Cryptoxanthin, the only provitamin A xanthophyll, is partially broken down into vitamin A by β-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase, while the other xanthophylls are integrated in chylomicrons and excreted by the lymph into the blood.

So, the correct answer is, ‘Xanthophyll’.

Note:
Xanthophylls and carotenes have a similar structure as they both come under the carotenoids. But xanthophylls contain oxygen atoms, while carotenes are pure hydrocarbons that do not contain oxygen. Their oxygen content makes xanthophylls more polar than carotenes.